Enhanced anaerobic bioremediation is the practice of adding hydrogen (an electron donor) to groundwater and/or soil to increase the number and vitality of indigenous microorganisms performing bioremediation (reductive dechlorination). The use of Regenesis injectable compounds to facilitate this process offers the following benefits:

• Decreased time to site closure - degradation rates accelerated 10 to 100 times faster than the intrinsically slow natural pace.
• In-situ treatment (no emplaced aboveground tanks, piping, equipment, etc.) and a single product application can last up to 18 months, maintenance free.
• Experience and a proven track record of success (applied on over 1,000 sites worldwide).
• Lower costs than engineered mechanical systems and greater efficiency than high volume, rapidly consumed, liquid donors.
• Environmentally safe and easy to handle materials.

Products

3-D Microemulsion (3DMe)™, a form of HRC Advanced®, is a revolutionary - is a revolutionary new product offering the most advanced hydrogen releasing technology available ...at a price point equal to that of lesser performing simple commodity products. 3DMe is a product designed specifically for the low cost in-situ treatment of chlorinated solvent based contaminants.

3DMe incorporates the proven Hydrogen Release Compound (HRC®) patented technology in addition to a entirely new and unique patented molecule (patent pending) that is specifically designed to time release a combination of highly efficient electron donors. Additionally, HRC-Advanced was designed with a relatively high hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (HLB), allowing dilute suspensions to be well distributed across contaminant plumes without the high injection costs.

Upon application to the subsurface, 3DMe immediately begins to produce hydrogen and to distribute hydrogen generating compounds to the subsurface through a series of hydration and fermentation reactions. This process provides for an immediate as well as time-release supply of hydrogen to fuel the demands of the anaerobic reductive dechlorination process. Typical longevity for 3DMe is up to 2 years or more on a single injection and up to 4 years or more under optimal conditions.

3-D Microemulsion (3DMe)™ Application Options
As with any injectable substrate, effective subsurface distribution is key, thus 3DMe was designed to be applied in concentrated form and in high volume. Concentrated applications are similar to that of standard HRC and involve use and injection of the product straight out of the container. High volume applications are different in that the 3DMe is mixed with water on-site, then injected into the subsurface dramatically increasing the volume and distribution of the material throughout the contaminated aquifer.

Hydrogen Release Compound (HRC®) - is a product designed specifically for the in-situ treatment of chlorinated solvent based contamination or any anaerobically degradable substance. HRC is a viscous, honey-like substance that is typically pressure injected directly into contaminated soils and groundwater. Upon contact with water, HRC slowly hydrolizes and is gradually broken down via microbial action. During this initial process, lactic acid is released and utilized (fermented) by microbes, producing optimal amounts of hydrogen and anaerobic conditions. The resulting hydrogen is then used in another, well understood, microbially mediated process known as reductive dechlorination. This naturally driven process (reductive dechlorination) is the step-by-step contaminant biodegradation mechanism which converts detrimental contaminants into harmless end products like ethene and ethane. Under the influence of HRC, this process may continue at an accelerated rate for periods of up to 18 months or longer on a single injection.

Hydrogen Release Compound [eXtended release formula] (HRC-X®) - is a product designed specifically for the in-situ treatment of chlorinated solvent based contamination especially in residual source areas and where residual dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) is present. HRC-X is a thicker, more viscous version of HRC that is also typically pressure injected into contaminated soils and groundwater. Once in-place, HRC-X has greater longevity (periods of 36 - 48 months) than standard HRC as it takes more time for microbial action to free-up the lactic acid for fermentation. Once injected into the general vicinity of the residual source area or DNAPL, HRC-X goes to work releasing lactic acid and cost-effectively producing anaerobic conditions with optimal amounts of hydrogen throughout the area. HRC-X has been shown to produce reducing conditions for periods of 3-5 years. The newly available and controlled release hydrogen supply is then distributed as diffusive and advective forces achieving penetration into the full aquifer volume. Because of its longevity, the hydrogen resulting from HRC-X drives the long-term desorption, dissolution, and degradation of bound residual DNAPL which can otherwise be difficult to remove using traditional techniques.

Hydrogen Release Compound Primer (HRC Primer®) - is a product designed specifically for the in-situ treatment of chlorinated solvent based contaminants. HRC Primer is a less viscous version of the standard Hydrogen Release Compound (HRC) product. It is a thinner liquid that is typically injected into an aquifer where it releases lactic acid at a rate faster (several weeks) than standard HRC, but at a slower, more controlled rate than dispersing aqueous simple sugar solutions or straight lactic acid (several days). HRC Primer is typically recommended where high levels of competing electron acceptors (CEA's), primarily sulfate, exist and should to be reduced to pave the way for a more successful, cost-effective HRC application.

HRC Primer has also been advocated in fractured bedrock settings to get greater distribution due to its thinner physical composition.